IT Foundation Pathway
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IT Foundation Pathway
IT Specialist Programmes
Target Audience:
● Individuals with no IT background
● Learners seeking foundational IT skills
● Those interested in AI, Data Science, Development, or Cybersecurity
This program offers a structured learning path that includes carefully selected foundational IT courses essential for each specific topic including AI, cybersecurity, web or software development, and so on. It aims to help participants build the skills they need to start their IT careers, with the added benefit of earning relevant certifications. While no prior IT knowledge is required, basic computer skills are recommended.
The program covers a range of fields, including AI, Data Science, Development, and Cybersecurity, guiding learners to gain both knowledge and industry-recognised certifications.
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Artificial Intelligence
Lesson 1: Reviewing AI Fundamentals
- Topic A: AI Concepts
- Topic B: Uses for AI
- Topic C: Benefits of AI
- Topic D: Challenges of AI
Lesson 2: Defining the Problem for AI
- Topic A: Machine Learning Workflow
- Topic B: Formulate the Machine Learning Problem
- Topic C: Select AI/ML Tools
Lesson 3: Accessing and Managing Data for AI
- Topic A: Collect and Assess Data
- Topic B: Extract Data
- Topic C: Transform Data
- Topic D: Load Data
Lesson 4: Analysing Data
- Topic A: Examine Data
- Topic B: Analyse Data Distribution
- Topic C: Visualise Data
- Topic D: Preprocess Data for AI and ML
Lesson 5: Designing a Machine Learning Approach
- Topic A: Identify ML Algorithms
- Topic B: Test a Hypothesis
Lesson 6: Developing Classification Models
- Topic A: Select, Train, and Tune Classification Models
- Topic B: Evaluate Classification Models
Lesson 7: Developing Regression Models
- Topic A: Train Regression Models
- Topic B: Regularise Regression Models
- Topic C: Evaluate Regression Models
Lesson 8: Developing Cluster Models
- Topic A: Train and Tune Cluster Models
- Topic B: Evaluate Cluster Models
Lesson 9: Launching an AI/ML Project
- Topic A: Security and Privacy in AI/ML Projects
- Topic B: Considerations for Ethical Use of AI/ML
- Topic C: Communicate Results
Lesson 10: Deploying and Monitoring an AI/ML Model in Production
- Topic A: Communicate Model Capabilities and Limitations
- Topic B: Deploy and Test Models in Apps
- Topic C: Support and Monitor AI/ML Solutions
Cloud Computing
Lesson 1: Examining Cloud Computing Fundamentals
- Topic A: Cloud Computing Concepts
- Topic B: Describe Cloud Service Models
Lesson 2: Planning a Cloud Computing Project
- Topic A: Identify the Project Approach and Team
- Topic B: Establish Key Criteria
- Topic C: Evaluate Project Requirements
- Topic D: Evaluate and Recommend Cloud Solutions
Lesson 3: Selecting Cloud Solutions
- Topic A: Evaluate Cloud Models
- Topic B: Create a Process Flow Diagram
Lesson 4: Determining Hardware and Storage Requirements
- Topic A: Determine Hardware and Network Requirements
- Topic B: Determine Storage and Database Requirements
- Topic C: Create Virtual Machines
Lesson 5: Designing Cloud Apps and Solutions
- Topic A: Determine a Design Approach
- Topic B: Determine Approach for Connecting Solution Components
Lesson 6: Developing and Testing Cloud Apps
- Topic A: Cloud Application Development and Operations
- Topic B: Configure, Deploy, and Manage the Development Environment
- Topic C: Perform Testing
Lesson 7: Integrating and Deploying a Cloud Solution
- Topic A: Plan App Integration
- Topic B: Evaluate and Plan App Containerisation
- Topic C: Deploy Apps
Lesson 8: Managing Cloud Operations
- Topic A: Manage Cloud Solutions to Address Demand and Costs
- Topic B: Create a Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Policy
- Topic C: Support and Monitor Cloud Solutions
Lesson 9: Evaluating Cloud Governance
- Topic A: Identify Why Cloud Governance Is Needed
- Topic B: Promote Security
- Topic C: Promote Compliance through Practices and Processes
- Topic D: Maintain Governance over Time
Computational Thinking
Chapter 1: Data Storage
- 1.1 Bits and Their Storage
- 1.4 Representing Information as Bit patterns
- 1.8 Data and Programming
Chapter 2: Data Storage
- 2.4 Arithmetic/Logic
- 2.6 Programming Data Manipulation
Chapter 5: Algorithms
- 5.1 The Concept of an Algorithm
- 5.2 Algorithm Representation
- 5.3 Algorithm Discovery
- 5.4 Iterative Structures
- 5.5 Recursive Structures
- 5.6 Efficiency and Correctness
Chapter 6: Programming Languages
- 6.1 Historical Perspective
- 6.2 Traditional Programming Concepts
- 6.3 Procedural Units
- 6.5 Object-Oriented Programming
Chapter 7: Software Engineering
- 7.1 The Software Engineering Discipline
- 7.2 The Software Life Cycle
- 7.3 Software Engineering Methodologies
- 7.4 Modularity
- 7.5 Tools of the Trade
- 7.6 Quality Assurance
- 7.7 Documentation
- 7.8 The Human-Machine Interface
Chapter 8: Data Abstractions
- 8.1 Basic Data Structures
- 8.2 Related Concepts
- 8.5 Customised Data Types
- 8.6 Classes and Objects
- 8.7 Abstract Models
Chapter 9: Database Systems
- 9.1 Database Fundamentals
- 9.2 The Relational Model
- 9.3 Object-Oriented Databases
- 9.5 Traditional File Structures
- 9.6 Data Mining
- 9.7 Social Impact of Database Technology
Chapter 11: Artificial Intelligence
- 11.1 Intelligence and Machines
- 11.2 Perception
- 11.3 Reasoning
Chapter 12: Theory of Computation
- 12.1 Functions and their Computation
- 12.2 Turing Machines
- 12.3 Universal Programming Languages
- 12.4 A Non-computable Function
- 12.5 Complexity of Problems
Cybersecurity
Lesson 1: Essential Security Principles, Incomplete section
- Skill 1: Define essential security principles.
- Skill 2: Explain common threats and vulnerabilities.
- Skill 3: Explain access management principles.
- Skill 4: Explain encryption methods and applications.
Lesson 2: Basic Network Security Concepts
- Skill 1: Describe TCP/IP protocol vulnerabilities.
- Skill 2: Explain how network addresses impact network security.
- Skill 3: Describe network infrastructure and technologies.
- Skill 4: Set up a secure wireless SoHo network.
- Skill 5: Implement secure access technologies.
Lesson 3: Endpoint Security Concepts
- Skill 1: Describe operating system security concepts.
- Skill 2: Demonstrate familiarity with appropriate endpoint tools that gather security assessment information.
- Skill 3: Verify that endpoint systems meet security policies and standards.
- Skill 4: Implement software and hardware updates.
- Skill 5: Interpret system logs.
- Skill 6: Demonstrate familiarity with malware removal.
Lesson 4: Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Management, Incomplete section
- Skill 1: Explain vulnerability management.
- Skill 2: Use threat intelligence techniques to identify potential network vulnerabilities.
- Skill 3: Explain risk management.
- Skill 4: Explain the importance of disaster recovery and business continuity planning.
Lesson 5: Incident Handling, Incomplete section
- Skill 1: Monitor security events and know when escalation is required.
- Skill 2: Explain digital forensics and attack attribution processes.
- Skill 3: Explain the impact of compliance frameworks on incident handling.
- Skill 4: Describe the elements of cybersecurity incident response.
Data Analytics
Lesson 1: Data Basics
- Skill 1.1: Define the concept of data.
- Define data and information.
- Differentiate between data and information.
- Define statistics and its relation to data.
- Skill 1.2: Describe basic data variable types.
- Define variables.
- Identify different data types.
- Define type checking.
- Skill 1.3: Describe basic structures used in data analytics.
- Define tables.
- Define arrays.
- Define lists.
- Skill 1.4: Describe data categories.
- Differentiate between structured and unstructured data.
- Identify and use different types of data.
- Summary
- Labs
- Quiz
Lesson 2: Data Manipulation
- Skill 2.1: Import, store, and export data.
- Describe ETL processing.
- Perform ETL with relational data.
- Perform ETL with data stored in delimited files.
- Perform ETL with data stored in XML files.
- Perform ETL with data stored in JSON files.
- Skill 2.2: Clean data.
- Perform data cleaning common practices.
- Perform truncation.
- Describe data validation.
- Skill 2.3: Organise data.
- Describe data organisation.
- Perform sorting.
- Perform filtering.
- Perform appending and slicing.
- Perform pivoting.
- Perform transposition.
- Skill 2.4: Aggregate data.
- Describe the aggregation function.
- Use aggregation functions like COUNT, SUM, MIN, MAX, and AVG in SQL.
- Use GROUP BY and HAVING in SQL.
- Summary
- Labs
- Quiz
Lesson 3: Data Analysis
- Skill 3.1: Describe and differentiate between types of data analysis.
- Perform descriptive analysis.
- Perform diagnostic analysis.
- Perform predictive analysis.
- Perform prescriptive analysis.
- Perform hypothesis testing.
- Skill 3.2: Describe and differentiate between data aggregation and interpretation metrics.
- Define data aggregation and data interpretation.
- Define data interpretation.
- Describe data aggregation and interpretation metrics.
- Skill 3.3: Describe and differentiate between exploratory data analysis methods.
- Find relationships in a dataset.
- Identify outliers in a dataset.
- Drill a dataset.
- Mine a dataset.
- Skill 3.4: Evaluate and explain the results of data analyses.
- Perform a simple linear regression.
- Interpret the results of a simple linear regression.
- Use regression analysis for prediction.
- Skill 3.5: Define and describe the role of artificial intelligence in data analysis.
- Define artificial intelligence, algorithm, machine learning, and deep learning.
- Discuss how machine learning algorithms help in data analysis.
- Discuss how artificial intelligence algorithms work in data analysis.
- Summary
- Labs
- Quiz
Lesson 4: Data Visualisation and Communication
- Skill 4.1: Report data.
- Use tables and charts to display information.
- Disaggregate data.
- Skill 4.2a and 4.3a: Create and derive conclusions from visualisations that compare one or more categories of data.
- Use different types of charts:
- Column chart.
- Bar chart.
- Skill 4.2b and 4.3b: Create and derive conclusions from visualisations that show how individual parts make up the whole.
- Differentiate between the following types of graphical representations:
- Pie Chart.
- Donut Chart.
- Other variations on bar and column charts such as stacked bar and column charts.
- Differentiate between the following types of graphical representations:
- Skill 4.2c and 4.3c: Create and derive conclusions from visualisations that analyze trends.
- Use different types of visualization:
- Line chart and variants of the line chart.
- Waterfall chart.
- Sankey Diagram.
- Skill 4.2d and 4.3d: Create and derive conclusions from visualisations that determine the distribution of data.
- Use different types of visualisations:
- Box and Whisker plot.
- Skill 4.2e and 4.3e: Create and derive conclusions from visualisations that analyse the relationship between sets of values.
- Use different types of visualisations:
- Scatter plot.
- Bubble chart.
- Summary
- Labs
- Quiz
Lesson 5: Responsible Analytics Practice
- Skill 5.1: Describe data privacy laws and best practices:
- Describe the fair information practice principles.
- Understand data privacy laws in the US.
- Understand data privacy laws in Canada.
- Understand data privacy laws in the EU.
- Skill 5.2: Describe best practices for responsible data handling:
- Handle PII, secure data, and protect anonymity within small datasets.
- Balance the trade-off between interpretability and accuracy.
- Generalise from a sample to a population.
- Skill 5.3: Given a scenario, describe the types of bias that affect the collection and interpretation of data.
- Explain and identify different types of bias that affect the gathering of data.
- Summary
- Labs
- Quiz
Databases
Lesson 1: Database Design
- Skill 1.1: Given a scenario, design tables for storing data
- Skill 1.2: Given a scenario, identify the appropriate primary key
- Skill 1.3: Given a scenario, choose data types to meet the requirements
- Skill 1.4: Given a scenario, design relationships between tables
- Skill 1.5: Normalise a database
- Skill 1.6: Given a scenario, identify data protection measures
Lesson 2: Database Object Management using DDL
- Skill 2.1: Construct and analyse queries that create, alter, and drop tables
- Skill 2.2: Construct and analyse queries that create, alter, and drop views
- Skill 2.3: Construct and analyse stored procedures and functions
- Skill 2.4: Given a scenario, choose between clustered and non-clustered indexes
Lesson 3: Data Retrieval
- Skill 3.1: Construct and analyse queries that select data
- Skill 3.2: Construct and analyse queries that sort and filter data
- Skill 3.3: Construct and analyse queries that aggregate data
Lesson 4: Data Manipulation using DML
- Skill 4.1: Construct and analyse INSERT statements
- Skill 4.2: Construct and analyse UPDATE statements
- Skill 4.3: Construct and analyse DELETE statements
Lesson 5: Troubleshooting
- Skill 5.1: Troubleshoot data object management query failures
- Skill 5.2: Troubleshoot data retrieval query failures
- Skill 5.3: Troubleshoot data manipulation query failures
Device Configuration and Management
Lesson 1: Windows Installation and Configuration
- Skill 1.1: Install Windows using the default settings
- Skill 1.2: Configure user account options
- Skill 1.3: Configure desktop settings
- Skill 1.4: Manage accessibility settings
- Skill 1.5: Manage updates
Lesson 2: Application and Peripheral Management
- Skill 2.1: Manage applications and Windows features
- Skill 2.2: Compare and contrast capabilities of peripheral connection types
Lesson 3: Data Access and Management
- Skill 3.1: Describe cloud services
- Skill 3.2: Describe and configure file sharing and permissions
- Skill 3.3: Manage backup and restore
- Skill 3.4: Describe data access and retention policies
Lesson 4: Device Security
- Skill 4.1: Describe network firewall settings
- Skill 4.2: Describe user authentication
- Skill 4.3: Given an attack type, describe mitigation methods
- Skill 4.4: Manage User Account Control (UAC) settings
- Skill 4.5: Manage mobile device security
Lesson 5: Troubleshooting
- Skill 5.1: Perform troubleshooting tasks
- Skill 5.2: Troubleshoot operating system and application issues
- Skill 5.3: Troubleshoot device issues
- Skill 5.4: Troubleshoot device connections to networks and domains
- Skill 5.5: Troubleshoot peripheral device connections
HTML and CSS
Lesson 1: Application Lifecycle Management
- Skill 1.1: Describe the application lifecycle management stages
- Skill 1.2: Debug and test web apps
Lesson 2: Graphics and Animation
- Skill 2.1: Use the canvas element to create graphics and animations
- Skill 2.2: Use the svg element to create and display graphics
- Skill 2.3: Transform, style, and enhance text and graphics
- Skill 2.4: Apply CSS filters to images
Lesson 3: Forms
- Skill 3.1: Construct and analyse markup that uses form elements
- Skill 3.2: Configure input validation
Lesson 4: Layouts
- Skill 4.1: Manage content layout, positioning, and flow by using CSS
- Skill 4.2: Construct layouts by using responsive design
- Skill 4.3: Construct flexible responsive layouts by using CSS flexbox
- Skill 4.4: Construct grid-based layouts by using CSS grid
Lesson 5: JavaScript Coding
- Skill 5.1: Create and use custom classes
- Skill 5.2: Perform data access by using JavaScript
- Skill 5.3: Construct code that responds to events by using event listeners and handlers
- Skill 5.4: Construct code that uses JavaScript APIs
- Skill 5.5: Manage the state of an application
HTML5 Application Development
Lesson 1: HTML Fundamentals
- Skill 1.1: Construct well-formed page markup
- Skill 1.2: Construct markup that uses metadata elements
Lesson 2: Document Structure using HTML
- Skill 2.1: Construct and analyse markup to structure and organize data
- Skill 2.2: Construct and analyse markup that uses HTML5 semantic elements
- Skill 2.3: Construct and analyse markup that implements navigation
- Skill 2.4: Construct and analyse markup that implements form elements
Lesson 3: CSS Fundamentals
- Skill 3.1: Analyse and implement inline styles, internal (embedded) style sheets, and external style sheets
- Skill 3.2: Construct and analyse rule sets
Lesson 4: Multimedia Presentation using HTML
- Skill 4.1: Construct and analyse markup that displays images
- Skill 4.2: Construct and analyse markup that plays video and audio
Lesson 5: Webpage Styling using CSS
- Skill 5.1: Construct and analyse styles that position content
- Skill 5.2: Construct and analyse styles that format text
- Skill 5.3: Construct and analyse styles that format backgrounds and borders
- Skill 5.4: Construct and analyse styles that create a simple responsive layout
Lesson 6: Accessibility, Readability, and Testing
- Skill 6.1: Construct well-formatted HTML and CSS markup that conforms to industry best practices
- Skill 6.2: Apply accessibility principles and evaluate content accessibility
- Skill 6.3: Evaluate the structural integrity of HTML and CSS markup
Java
Lesson 1: Java Fundamentals
- Skill 1.1: Describe the use of main in a Java application
- Skill 1.2: Perform basic input and output using standard packages
- Skill 1.3: Evaluate the scope of a variable
- Skill 1.4: Comment and document programs
Lesson 2: Data Types, Variables, and Expressions
- Skill 2.1: Declare and use primitive data type variables
- Skill 2.2: Construct and evaluate code that manipulates strings
- Skill 2.3: Construct and evaluate code that creates, iterates, and manipulates arrays and array lists
- Skill 2.4: Construct and evaluate code that performs parsing, casting, and conversion
- Skill 2.5: Construct and evaluate arithmetic expressions
Lesson 3: Flow Control Implementation
- Skill 3.1: Construct and evaluate code that uses branching statements
- Skill 3.2: Construct and evaluate code that uses loops
Lesson 4: Object-Oriented Programming
- Skill 4.1: Construct and evaluate class definitions
- Skill 4.2: Declare, implement, and access data members in classes
- Skill 4.3: Declare, implement, and access methods
- Skill 4.4: Instantiate and use class objects in programs
Lesson 5: Code Compilation and Debugging
- Skill 5.1: Troubleshoot syntax errors, logic errors, and runtime errors
- Skill 5.2: Implement exception handling
JavaScript
Lesson 1: JavaScript Operators, Methods, and Keywords
- Skill 1.1: Complete and debug code that uses assignment and arithmetic operators
- Skill 1.2: Apply JavaScript best practices
- Skill 1.3: Evaluate the use of internal and external scripts
- Skill 1.4: Implement exception handling
- Skill 1.5: Complete and debug code that interacts with the Browser Object Model (BOM)
Lesson 2: Variables, Data Types, and Functions
- Skill 2.1: Declare and use variables of primitive data types
- Skill 2.2: Declare and use arrays
- Skill 2.3: Complete and debug code that uses objects
- Skill 2.4: Complete and debug code that uses built-in Math functions
- Skill 2.5: Complete and debug functions that accept parameters and return values
Lesson 3: Decisions and Loops
- Skill 3.1: Evaluate expressions that use logical and comparison operators
- Skill 3.2: Complete and debug decision statements
- Skill 3.3: Complete and debug loops
Lesson 4: Document Object Model
- Skill 4.1: Identify and construct the Document Object Model (DOM) tree
- Skill 4.2: Identify and handle document, form, keyboard, and mouse events
- Skill 4.3: Complete and debug code that outputs to an HTML document
- Skill 4.4: Complete and debug code that locates, modifies, and adds HTML elements and attributes to documents
- Skill 4.5: Create events using event handlers and listeners
Lesson 5: HTML Forms
- Skill 5.1: Complete and debug code that retrieves form input and sets form field values
- Skill 5.2: Complete and debug code that performs input validation
- Skill 5.3: Describe the form submission process
Network Security
Lesson 1: Defense in Depth
- Skill 1.1: Identify core security principles
- Skill 1.2: Define and enforce physical security
- Skill 1.3: Identify security policy types
- Skill 1.4: Identify attack types
- Skill 1.5: Identify backup and restore types
Lesson 2: Operating System Security
- Skill 2.1: Identify client and server protection
- Skill 2.2: Configure user authentication
- Skill 2.3: Manage permissions in Windows and Linux
- Skill 2.4: Facilitate non-repudiation using audit policies and log files
- Skill 2.5: Demonstrate knowledge of encryption
Lesson 3: Network Device Security
- Skill 3.1: Implement wireless security
- Skill 3.2: Identify the role of network protection devices
- Skill 3.3: Identify network isolation methods
- Skill 3.4: Identify protocol security concepts
Lesson 4: Secure Computing
- Skill 4.1: Implement email protection
- Skill 4.2: Manage browser security
- Skill 4.3: Install and configure anti-malware and antivirus software
Networking
Lesson 1: Networking Fundamentals
- Skill 1.1: Define network concepts
- Skill 1.2: Define cloud and virtualisation concepts
- Skill 1.3: Describe remote access methods
Lesson 2: Network Infrastructures
- Skill 2.1: Define the characteristics of local area networks (LANs)
- Skill 2.2: Define the characteristics of wide-area networks (WANs)
- Skill 2.3: Identify wireless networking methods and characteristics
- Skill 2.4: Compare and contrast network topologies and access methods
Lesson 3: Network Hardware
- Skill 3.1: Describe characteristics of switches
- Skill 3.2: Describe characteristics of routers
- Skill 3.3: Describe characteristics of physical media
Lesson 4: Protocols and Services
- Skill 4.1: Describe the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model
- Skill 4.2: Describe the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) model
- Skill 4.3: Describe IPv4 concepts
- Skill 4.4: Describe IPv6 concepts
- Skill 4.5: Identify well-known ports
- Skill 4.6: Describe name resolution concepts
- Skill 4.7: Identify the roles of networking services
Lesson 5: Network Infrastructures
- Skill 5.1: Given a scenario, describe the troubleshooting process in a small-medium business network
- Skill 5.2: Given a scenario, use the appropriate hardware troubleshooting tools
- Skill 5.3: Given a scenario, use the appropriate Windows software tools to troubleshoot a problem
- Skill 5.4: Given a scenario, use the appropriate Linux software tools to troubleshoot a problem
Python
Lesson 1: Operations using Data Types and Operators
- Skill 1.1: Evaluate expressions to identify the data types Python assigns to variables
- Skill 1.2: Perform data and data type operations
- Skill 1.3: Determine the sequence of execution based on operator precedence
- Skill 1.4: Select operators to achieve the intended results
Lesson 2: Flow Control with Decisions and Loops
- Skill 2.1: Construct and analyse code segments that use branching statements
- Skill 2.2: Construct and analyse code segments that perform iteration
Lesson 3: Input and Output Operations
- Skill 3.1: Construct and analyse code segments that perform file input and output operations
- Skill 3.2: Construct and analyse code segments that perform console input and output operations
Lesson 4: Code Documentation and Structure
- Skill 4.1: Document code segments
- Skill 4.2: Construct and analyse code segments that include function definitions
Lesson 5: Troubleshooting and Error Handling
- Skill 5.1: Analyse, detect, and fix code segments that have errors
- Skill 5.2: Analyse and construct code segments that handle exceptions
- Skill 5.3: Perform unit testing
Lesson 6: Operations using Modules and Tools
- Skill 6.1: Perform basic operations by using built-in modules
- Skill 6.2: Solve complex computing problems by using built-in modules
Software Development
Lesson 1: Core Programming Concepts
- Skill 1.1: Describe computer storage and data types
- Skill 1.2: Construct and analyse algorithms and flowcharts to solve programming problems
- Skill 1.3: Incorporate error handling into applications or modules
- Skill 1.4: Construct and analyse code based on functional programming patterns
Lesson 2: Software Development Principles
- Skill 2.1: Describe software development life cycle (SDLC) management
- Skill 2.2: Interpret application specifications
- Skill 2.3: Construct and analyse code that uses algorithms and data structures
- Skill 2.4: Describe the purpose of version control systems
- Skill 2.5: Describe secure coding concepts
Lesson 3: Object-Oriented Programming
- Skill 3.1: Construct, analyse, and use classes
- Skill 3.2: Construct and analyse code that uses inheritance
- Skill 3.3: Construct and analyse code that uses polymorphism
Lesson 4: Web Applications
- Skill 4.1: Construct and analyse web applications
- Skill 4.2: Describe and configure web hosting
- Skill 4.3: Describe and configure web services
- Skill 4.4: Describe and identify architectural patterns
Lesson 5: Databases
- Skill 5.1: Design and normalize a database
- Skill 5.2: Construct, analyse, and optimize ANSI SQL queries
- Skill 5.3: Manage transactions
- Skill 5.4: Describe database access methods
- Skill 5.5: Describe types of NoSQL databases